Bill Melendez
José Cuauhtémoc Melendez was born on Nov. 15, 1916, in Hermosillo, in the Mexican state of Sonora. His father, a Mexican Army cavalry officer who later became a general, was a romantic who gave his children Aztec names. Growing up, José drew everything in sight: horses, cattle, cowboys. In 1928 his mother moved with him and his siblings to Arizona so they could learn English. José, then about 12, was placed in a kindergarten class, a humiliation, his son said, that forced him to learn his new language in a hurry. The family later moved to Los Angeles. As a young man, Mr. Melendez planned to be an engineer, but the Depression intervened. He held a series of odd jobs, including working in a lumberyard, before a friend persuaded him to show his drawings to the Walt Disney company.
Disney suggested formal training; after Mr. Melendez studied briefly at the Chouinard Art Institute, Disney hired him in 1938. There he helped animate “Fantasia” (1940), “Pinocchio” (1940) and myriad Mickey Mouse cartoons. He also acquired a new name. After asking Disney to bill him as Cuauhtémoc Melendez, he was informed that his name was too wide for the credits and that he would hereafter be known as Bill. In 1941 Mr. Melendez left Disney after an animators’ strike he helped organize. He joined Leon Schlesinger Productions (later acquired by Warner Brothers), where he worked on Bugs Bunny, Daffy Duck and Porky Pig. He formed his own studio, Bill Melendez Productions, in 1964. Mr. Melendez and Mr. Schulz met in the late 1950s over a Ford Falcon. Mr. Melendez had been engaged by the J. Walter Thompson advertising agency to produce an animated commercial for the car. The Ford Motor Company wanted to use “Peanuts” characters in the spot.
Mr. Schulz demurred until he saw Mr. Melendez’s drawings. They were noteworthy for their fealty to Mr. Schulz’s style; instead of embellishing the comic strip’s flat figures and clean, simple lines, Mr. Melendez kept them much as they were. Mr. Melendez’s other work included the TV special “The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe” (1979); he also animated the specials “Garfield on the Town” (1983) and “Cathy” (1987), both of which won Emmys.
Mr. Melendez’s second career as the voice of Snoopy happened entirely by accident. Because Mr. Schulz would not countenance the idea of a beagle uttering English dialogue, Mr. Melendez recited gibberish into a tape recorder, speeded it up and put the result on the soundtrack.For his decades of squeaks, squawks and grunts, Mr. Melendez received residuals to the end of his life.
Melendez died on September 2, 2008 at the age of 91.
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